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Innovatief en alledaags

Gezondheid

Nucleaire technologie is zeer belangrijk voor onze gezondheid. Door gebruik van radioactiviteit en straling bij behandeling van diverse kankersoorten nemen overlevingskansen toe. Ook worden medische isotopen en gebruikt bij het bestrijden van pijn en het stellen van diagnoses. 

Medische isotopen 

Nucleair geneeskundigen gebruiken radioactief materiaal om vast te stellen of organen goed functioneren en om in een vroeg stadium kankergezwellen op te sporen. Medische isotopen zenden straling uit die wordt gebruikt om diagnoses te stellen, bijvoorbeeld door ze toe te dienen aan patiënten die een PET of SPECT- scan ondergaan. Het is van groot belang dat een juiste diagnose wordt gesteld, zodat de juiste behandeling voor de patiënt bepaald kan worden. Daarnaast worden therapeutische isotopen gebruikt om kankerpatiënten te behandelen, bijvoorbeeld bij bestraling of brachytherapie. Bij deze therapie wordt de isotoop ingebracht om inwendig de kwaadaardige cellen aan te vallen.

GERELATEERD

30.000 patiënten per dag worden geholpen met medische isotopen

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Historisch overzicht radiotherapie

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Rapport medische isotopen                                                

Nucleair Nederland

Leveringszekerheid medische isotopen

www.rivm.nl


Hoge flux reactor in petten 

Isotopen worden onder andere gemaakt in de Hoge Flux Reactor van de Nuclear Research and consultancy Group (NRG). Deze reactor heeft een vermogen van 45 miljoen Watt. Dit vermogen wordt gebruikt om de neutronen en de grondstoffen met elkaar te laten botsen. Dit gebeurt in de kern van de reactor. Deze bevindt zich in een met water gevuld bassin van ongeveer 9 meter diep, met dikke betonnen wanden. Door grondstoffen in de kern onderin het waterbassin te plaatsen, worden ze blootgesteld aan de neutronen en ontstaan er isotopen. De waterlaag dient ter afscherming van de straling die vrijkomt bij het proces. Het water is blauw gekleurd omdat de geladen deeltjes zich met zeer hoge snelheid bewegen door het water. De HFR zal rond 2025 vervangen worden door de PALLAS-reactor. 

Cyclotron (versneller)

Het maken van isotopen in een cylotron, ook wel versneller genoemd, is een proces waarbij niet de neutronen, maar de protonen in combinatie van een magneetveld en een elektrisch veld versneld moeten botsen met bepaalde grondstoffen. De houdbaarheid van de meeste isotopen uit een versneller is erg kort, waardoor versnellers vaak dichtbij de plek staan waar de producten gebruikt worden, zoals het ziekenhuis.

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